Engine



(No Model.) 7 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. E. G.v NEWMAN.

' ENGINE.

No. 598,953. Pa,t-entedFeb."15, 1898.

7 means Farms co. momuwnu wAsmmJoN. u. :4

(No Model.)

B. G. NEWMAN.

ENGINE.

IIIIE I 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented Feb. 15, 1898.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

- E. G. NEWMAN.

ENGINE.

No. 598,953. Patented Feb. 15, 1898.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN G. NEWMAN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 598,953, dated February15, 1898.

Application filed March 12, 1897.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN G. NEWMAN,-a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented oer tain new anduseful Improvements in Engines, of which the following is a full, clear,and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,forming a part thereof.

My invention has relation to improvements in steam-engines and itconsists in the novel arrangement and combination of parts more fullyset forth in the specification and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a top plan view of a double form of myimproved engine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is avertical longitudinal section on the line x 00 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is aface view of the oscillating piston, showing a portion of the rock-shaftto which it is secured. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the piston,taken on the line 1 y of Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a transverse section of thepiston, taken on the line 2 z of Fig. 4; and Fig. 7 is a top plan viewof the cylinder over which the valve-chest is mounted.

The object of the present invention is to combine an oscillating type ofpiston with the ordinary reciprocating slide-valve, whereby theincreased leverage ofiered by such piston to the expansive force of thesteam admitted by the slide-vale into the cylinder will enhance theeffect of such expansive power over 1 the corresponding resultsobtained-by a rectilinear reciprocating piston, it being understood, ofcourse, that the present device is specially applicable to lowspeedengines whose horse-power, rather than speed, is the desideratum.

A further object is to construct such a piston in a manner as to insurea perfectly tight joint between the sides thereof and the walls of thecylinder within which it oscillates.

In detail the invention may be described as follows:

Referring to thedrawings, lrepresents the base-plate of the machine, onwhich the several parts of the machine are mounted. Disposed betweensuitable bearings or standards 2 is a drive-shaft 3, provided with amain driving-pulley 3, the opposite outer ends of the shaft carryingcrank-disks 4, to each of Serial it). 627,148. (No model.)

which is secured one end of a connecting-rod 5, the opposite end beingpivotally secured to a crank-arm 6, carried at the outer end of theoscillating or rock shaft 7, to which the piston is secured. The shaft 7passes through bearings 8 at the outer ends of the brackets 9,projecting from the outer wall of the semicircular cylinder 10, andthrough stufiingboxes 11, interposed between the upper face of thecylinder and the base 12 of the steam or valve chest 13, supported byit. The latter, as in the ordinary form of steam-chest, is provided withthe usual reciprocating slidevalve 14, controlling the ports 15,leading, respectively, to the opposite ends of the cylinder and theexhaust-port 16. The steam-pipe is represented by 17. The valve-stem 18is connected by an adjustable arm 19 and a link 20, pivotally secured toone end of said arm,

to the eccentric disk 21 of the drive-shaft, the disk being looselyembraced by a sectional eccentric ring 22, coupled to the oppositescrew-threaded end of the link 20. The arm 19 is adjustable along thevalve-stem within the limits of the end walls of a notch 23, aretaming-bolt 24 passing through the embracing loop of the said arm andbearing against the base of the notch. By slight adjustments of the arm'19 the lead of the slide-valve is obviously controlled. The outer endof each valve stem passes through a bearing 25, formed at the upper endof a standard or pillar 26, carried by the bed-plate.

The cross-section of the passage of the cylinder through which thepiston oscillates is that of an open circle terminating in a rectangle,so that the passage is substantially a semicircular open annular passagehaving circular walls which terminate adjacent to the axis ofoscillation of the rock-shaft in a reduced annular passage substantiallyoblong in cross-section. The shape of the piston (see Fig. 4) conformsto the cross-section of such passage.

From the parts thus far described it is apparent that with thereciprocation of the slide-valve '14 (controlled, as usual, from thedriveshaft) steam willalternatelybe admitted into the ports 15 15 andinto the opposite ends of the cylinder, oscillating the .piston carriedby the rock-shaft first in "one direction and then the other, therebyimparting a rocking motion to the crank-arm 6, which in turn, throughthe medium of the connectingrod 5 and disk 4, imparts a rotating motionto the drive-shaft. The present engine being a double one, of course thedescription for one-half thereof will suffice for the Whole. For anygiven expansion of the steam permitted to enter the cylinder at eachstroke of the slide-valve it is apparent that the leverage offered bythe oscillating piston to such expansive force will enable the latter toperform work and overcome resistance in excess of a directly-actingreciprocating piston in proportion to the amount of leverage offered bythe present arrangement. Of course the leverage will in a measure dependon the relative length of the lever-arms of the piston and the crank-arm6, secured to the same rock-shaft.

The general operation of the device having been described, I shall nowdescribe the de- 1 tail construction of the piston, whereby a. tightjoint between the same and the walls of the cylinder is insured. Tightlypassed 1 about the rock-shaft 7 and having its opposite ends insertedinto the stuffing-boxes 11 is a sleeve 28, having formed integrally oras a part thereof a radially-extending arm or tongue 29, designed tooscillate between the plane or vertical extensions of the circular wallsof the cylinder, the said tongue having formed therein an opening 30,disposed at right angles to the plane of oscillation thereof or at rightangles to the planes of the inner surfaces of the said vertical walls ofthe cylinder, the said opening being designed to receive an expansivecoiled spring 31, Whose opposite ends when the spring is compressedserve to firmly force against the plane walls of the cylinder thepacking-plates 32, interposed between each plane wall of the cylinderand the adjacent surface of the tongue 29. The lower end of each plate32 is received by the forked end 33 of the parallel-disposed ribs 34,formed about the periphery of a transversely-split or open ring 35,oscillating withv in the curved annular passage of the cylinder, thetongue 29 extending to the periphery of the ring and snugly fittingbetween the bases of the ribs 34. Within the ring 35 is atransversely-split or open band 36, within which is inserted a square orpolygonal block 37, mounted on a stem 38, which forms an integral partof a disk'39, bounding the block on one side, the opposite side or faceof the block being bounded by a similar disk 39', passed over the freeend of the stem, the parts being firmly secured bya nut 40, passed overthe screw-threaded end of the stem 38. The outer face of the disk 39 isprovided with a solid centrally-projecting head 41, which has itsequivalent in the lateral tubular extension 41, forming part of the disk39 and directly embracing the stem 38. Embracing the disks 39 39 arecover-plates 42, each provided with a circular opening 43 to accommodate'the projecting portions 41 41 of the disks, the

lower extension of each plate 42 being circular to conform to the shapeof the disks directly covered by them, the upper extensions, between theedges of which the edges of the packing-plates 32 are directly embraced,being oblong. (See Fig. 4.) The inner walls of the said oblongextensions are longitudinally grooved to receive and snugly embrace thesides of the tongue 29, the depth of the groove being shown by thedotted lines in Fig. 6 and also Fig. 3, it being understood that thetongue 29 is wider than the packingplates 32, the width of said tonguebeing equal to the combined thicknesses of the ring 35 and disks 39 39,disposed on the opposite faces thereof. When the parts are assembled,they are secured by screws 44, passed, respectively, through the tongueand coverplates 42. The disk 39 is secured to the block 37 by means ofscrews 45, driven flush with the surface of the disk. To insure a tightjoint between the ring 35 and the circular walls of the cylinder, Iinterpose the flexed springs or plates 46 into the spaces formed betweenthe walls of the block inserted into the band 36 and the adjacent wallsof said band, the bases of the springs resting against the walls of theblock and their free ends bearing against and forcing the band 36against the split ring 35, expanding the latter against the walls of thecylinder-passage, and thus insuring a tight joint between these parts.It is obvious from the foregoing that the joint, therefore, between thepiston constructed as here described and the inner walls of the cylinderis absolutely tight. It is further apparent that minor changes might bemade in the construction without departing from the spirit of myinvention.

It may be stated in passing (a fact apparent from the drawings) that therock-shaft is disposed centrally between the opposite ends of theannular passage of the cylinder, said shaft extending across ortransversely of said passage. The lower section of the passage, or thatwhich is described as substantially circular in cross-section, is largeras to crosssectional area than the upper section or that whosecross-section is oblong.

Extending from the bottom of the cylinderpassage is a drain-pipe 50,provided with a valve 51, to allow for the escape of water ofcondensation.

Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. In an engine, asuitable drive-shaft, an eccentric disk carried by the same, aneccentric ring looselyembracing the disk, a link secured to the ring, aslide-Valve and valve-stem therefor, an adjustable arm pivotallyconnecting the link to the valve-stem, an oscillating piston, arock-shaft for the piston, the latter having a reducedoblong portionlocated adjacent to the axis of oscillation of the rockshaft and anexpanded portion substantially circular in form, a cylinder for saidpiston conforming in cross-section to the shape 0f IOC the piston, andsuitable connections between being disposed between, and at right anglesto, the plane walls of the cylinder and suitable packing-platesinterposed between the cylinder-walls and the adjacent side of thetongue, the opening of the tongue containing an expansive coiled springbearing against the inner surfaces of the packing-plateswhereby thepacking-plates are firmly forced against the. inner surfaces of thecylinder-walls and a tight joint insured, substantially as set forth.

3. In an engine, a rock-shaft, an arm or tongue projecting radiallytherefrom,an opening in said tongue disposed at right angles to theplane of oscillation of the tongue, a cylinder having an annular passagebounded by walls substantially circular in cross-section, and an annularpassage or extension bounded by plane walls between which said tongue isadapted to oscillate, suitable packing-plates interposed between theplane walls of the cylinder and the adjacent side of the tongue, aspring confined within the opening of the tongue and forcethepacking-plates firmly against the cylinder-walls, a ring adapted tooperate in the first annular passage of the cylinder, forked ribscarried by the periphery of the ring and adapted to receive the lowerends of the packing-plates, a band within the ring, a polygonal blockwithin the band, flexed springs or plates interposed in the spacebetween the walls of the block and the inner walls of the band, thebases of the springs resting against the block and their free endsforcing against the band, a stem for the reception of the block, a diskforming apart of the stem and embracing one face of the block, a diskpassed over the opposite end of the stem, a tubular extension forming apart of the second disk and directly embracing the stem, a head carriedby the first-named disk, a nut for securing the parts, a series ofscrews for securing the second disk to the block, and suitablecover-plates having each an opening to pass over the head and tubularextension of the respective disks, and suitable bolts for clamping theparts together, the said bolts passing through the tongue and plates,the latter forming the faces of the resulting piston, substantially asset forth.

In testimony whereof Iaffix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWIN G, NEWMAN. Witnesses:

EMIL STAREK, ALFRED A. MATHEY.

